In the 2020s, as China approaches its second centennial goal, standing at a new historical starting point, young college students, as the future pillars of the country and nation, are entrusted with new historical missions and responsibilities. At the same time, with the continuous development of the country and advances in science and technology, college students in the new era face a variety of employment opportunities and challenges. Through analyzing survey questionnaires and interviews on employment choices and employment psychology from 31 universities nationwide, this study explores new theoretical approaches to the historical mission and employment choices of contemporary university students from a social psychological perspective. The aim is to enhance college students' awareness, recognition, and ability to practice the historical mission entrusted by the times, and, through consciously fulfilling their responsibilities, help them find ideal careers, realize their self-worth, and become witnesses and main contributors to the development of the new era.